Pedagogiczne przewroty i powroty : dynamiczne ramy rozwoju

The article presents the picture of complementary human development, that is, the simultaneous vertical and horizontal development, in which, beside thinking and purposeful acting, between worse to better from a certain point of view (individual or social), there is a multi-directional and ambiguous model of the development , involved in a variety of the development and oscillations traps between what is individual and what is social, which is a development “in plus” and which “in minus”. Hence, every development requires a real cost connected with its opposite. This means that no development can be placed in the strict framework “from - to”, but only in the context of dynamic, which are always complementary composition of genetic and cultural, spontaneous and organized elements.