Zastosowanie metody parafrazy w sporach ontologicznych : analiza poglądów Bertranda Russella, Kazimierza Ajdukiewicza i Willarda Van Ormana Quine'a

In the paper I explore the paraphrase method in ontological disputes. In the first section: 1) I show how Bertland Russell used this method to solve the problem of fictional entities, 2) I show how Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz anserwed the question: “does the external word exist?” and 3) I show how Willard Van Orman Quine anserwed the question: “what there is?”. In the second half of the paper I investigate a place of a paraphrase amoung other methods of analytic philosophy. I argue that a language has a grammatical form and a logical form, but the logical form is more important for ontological disputes. Philosophers used paraphrase method to show logical form.